SQL IN & BETWEEN

IN checks if a value matches any in a list. BETWEEN checks a range (inclusive on both ends).

IN with subquery

IN can accept a SELECT: `WHERE user_id IN (SELECT id FROM active_users)`.

`NOT IN (list)` and `NOT BETWEEN a AND b` invert the check.

Example 1 (sql)

SELECT * FROM users WHERE country IN ('India','USA','UK');

Output

matching rows

Match any of the listed countries.

Example 2 (sql)

SELECT * FROM orders WHERE total BETWEEN 100 AND 500;

Output

orders 100..500 inclusive

BETWEEN is inclusive.

💡 Note: `NOT IN` returns NO rows if the list contains a NULL — a classic pitfall. Use NOT EXISTS instead.